Why conduct PCBA testing?
PCBA processed products must undergo testing and adjustment to meet the specified technical requirements. PCBA processing only involves assembling, connecting, and soldering hundreds or thousands of electronic components according to the design drawings. The characteristic parameters of each component inevitably have small differences, and the comprehensive result will cause significant deviations in various performance of the PCBA product circuit. In addition, the influence of various distributed parameters generated in PCBA processing makes it impossible for the entire PCBA circuit to work normally immediately after assembly and meet the design requirements for various technical indicators. Therefore, PCBA testing must be conducted.
The purpose of PCBA testing
PCBA testing work is to adjust and test PCBA according to the testing process to achieve the functions and technical indicators specified in the technical documents. PCBA is not only an important process for ensuring and achieving the functionality and quality of electronic products, but also an important link for discovering design, process defects, and deficiencies in electronic products. To some extent, PCBA testing provides a reliable basis for the technical performance parameters of electronic product standardization.
The main content of PCBA testing
PCBA testing mainly involves adjusting circuit parameters, that is, adjusting the adjustable components of PCBA and the tuning system and mechanical transmission parts related to electrical indicators to meet the predetermined performance requirements. On the basis of adjustment theory, systematically test the various technical indicators of the whole machine to ensure that the technical indicators of the PCBA finished product meet the specified requirements. Specifically, the content of PCBA testing includes the following points.
- Clarify the purpose and requirements of PCBA testing.
- Choose and use testing instruments correctly and reasonably.
- Adjust and test the PCBA according to the testing process.
- Use basic theoretical knowledge of circuits and components to analyze and eliminate faults that occur during debugging.
- Analyze and process PCBA test data.
- Write a test summary based on the test results and propose improvement suggestions for PCBA processing.
Simple small PCBA processing, such as set-top box modules, semiconductor radio modules, etc., has simple testing work. Generally, after assembly is completed, the whole machine can be directly tested. However, complex whole machines, such as automotive electronic control units, have more heavy testing work. Usually, the single board or unit is tested first, and after meeting the requirements, the final assembly is carried out, and finally the whole machine is tested.
PCBA testing work is generally carried out in the assembly workshop, strictly following the testing process. For complex large-scale equipment, according to design requirements, partial testing or rough adjustment can be carried out in the production plant, and then the final installation and comprehensive testing work can be carried out at the installation site or experimental base according to the requirements of technical documents.